Assertive Sentence থেকে Interrogative Sentence-এ রূপান্তর
ইংরেজি Grammar-এ Assertive Sentence (বর্ণনামূলক বাক্য) কে Interrogative Sentence (প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্য)-এ পরিবর্তন করা খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বিষয়।
পরীক্ষায় এই ধরনের প্রশ্ন প্রায়ই আসে। তাই নিয়মগুলো সহজভাবে বুঝে অনুশীলন করা দরকার।
সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বিষয় হলো — অর্থের পরিবর্তন করা যাবে না।
Rule 1: Auxiliary Verb থাকলে Assertive থেকে Interrogative
যদি Assertive Sentence-এ Auxiliary Verb থাকে যেমন:
- am
- is
- are
- was
- were
- can
- could
- shall
- should
- will
- would
- may
- might
- have
- has
- had
তাহলে—
- Affirmative Assertive → Negative Interrogative
- Negative Assertive → Positive Interrogative
Structure
Affirmative Assertive → Negative Interrogative
Subject + Auxiliary Verb + Complement.
→ Auxiliary Verb + not + Subject + Complement?
Negative Assertive → Positive Interrogative
Subject + Auxiliary Verb + not + Complement.
→ Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Complement?
Examples with Bangla Meaning
1
Assertive: Smoking is a harmful habit.
Interrogative: Is not smoking a harmful habit?
বাংলা:
ধূমপান একটি ক্ষতিকর অভ্যাস।
→ ধূমপান কি ক্ষতিকর অভ্যাস নয়?
2
Assertive: He can succeed in life.
Interrogative: Cannot he succeed in life?
বাংলা:
সে জীবনে সফল হতে পারে।
→ সে কি জীবনে সফল হতে পারে না?
3
Assertive: Sony is not attentive in her studies.
Interrogative: Is Sony attentive in her studies?
বাংলা:
সনি তার পড়াশোনায় মনোযোগী নয়।
→ সনি কি তার পড়াশোনায় মনোযোগী?
4
Assertive: Rahim is an honest boy.
Interrogative: Is not Rahim an honest boy?
বাংলা:
রহিম একজন সৎ ছেলে।
→ রহিম কি একজন সৎ ছেলে নয়?
5
Assertive: They are happy.
Interrogative: Are not they happy?
বাংলা:
তারা সুখী।
→ তারা কি সুখী নয়?
6
Assertive: She was present in the class.
Interrogative: Was not she present in the class?
বাংলা:
সে ক্লাসে উপস্থিত ছিল।
→ সে কি ক্লাসে উপস্থিত ছিল না?
7
Assertive: Karim was not late.
Interrogative: Was Karim late?
বাংলা:
করিম দেরি করেনি।
→ করিম কি দেরি করেছিল?
8
Assertive: You are my friend.
Interrogative: Are not you my friend?
বাংলা:
তুমি আমার বন্ধু।
→ তুমি কি আমার বন্ধু নও?
9
Assertive: He is not a doctor.
Interrogative: Is he a doctor?
বাংলা:
সে ডাক্তার নয়।
→ সে কি ডাক্তার?
10
Assertive: We should respect our parents.
Interrogative: Should not we respect our parents?
বাংলা:
আমাদের বাবা-মাকে সম্মান করা উচিত।
→ আমাদের কি বাবা-মাকে সম্মান করা উচিত নয়?
পরীক্ষার জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ টিপস
- প্রথমে Auxiliary Verb খুঁজে বের করো।
- Subject-এর আগে Auxiliary Verb বসাও।
- Positive Sentence হলে Negative Question করো।
- Negative Sentence হলে Positive Question করো।
- অর্থ যেন পরিবর্তন না হয় সেদিকে খেয়াল রাখো।
Rule 2: Main Verb থাকলে Assertive থেকে Interrogative
যদি বাক্যে Helping Verb না থাকে এবং Main Verb থাকে, তাহলে Interrogative Sentence তৈরি করতে:
- Present Simple → Do / Does
- Past Simple → Did
ব্যবহার করতে হবে।
Structure
Positive Assertive → Negative Interrogative
Subject + Main Verb + Object.
→ Do/Does/Did + not + Subject + Base Verb + Object?
Negative Assertive → Positive Interrogative
Subject + do/does/did not + Verb + Object.
→ Do/Does/Did + Subject + Base Verb + Object?
Important Examples
1
Assertive: They play football.
Interrogative: Don't they play football?
Explanation:
- Present Simple Tense
- Main Verb = play
- They এর জন্য Do ব্যবহৃত হয়েছে
2
Assertive: Corruption lies in every phase of our society.
Interrogative: Doesn't corruption lie in every phase of our society?
Explanation:
- Singular Subject → Does
- lies → lie
3
Assertive: My friend invited me to visit Cox's Bazar.
Interrogative: Didn't my friend invite me to visit Cox's Bazar?
Explanation:
- Past Tense
- invited → invite
4
Assertive: She passed her time in reading and writing.
Interrogative: Didn't she pass her time in reading and writing?
Explanation:
- Past Tense
- passed → pass
5
Assertive: Mahedul does not run in the sun.
Interrogative: Does Mahedul run in the sun?
Explanation:
- Negative Assertive
- does not → does
6
Assertive: Kobir did not work hard.
Interrogative: Did Kobir work hard?
Explanation:
- did not → did
- work base form এ আছে
গুরুত্বপূর্ণ বিষয়
- Do/Does/Did ব্যবহার করলে Main Verb সবসময় Base Form হবে।
- Singular Subject → Does
- Plural Subject → Do
- Past Tense → Did
Quick Formula
Present Simple
Subject + Verb + Object.
→ Do/Does + Subject + Verb + Object?
Past Simple
Subject + Verb (Past) + Object.
→ Did + Subject + Verb + Object?
Rule 3: Negative Word পরিবর্তন করে Interrogative
কিছু Negative Word Interrogative Sentence-এ পরিবর্তিত হয়।
| Assertive Word | Interrogative Form |
|---|---|
| No one | Anyone |
| Nobody | Anybody |
| Nothing | Anything |
| Never | Ever |
Examples
1
Assertive: No one can deny its necessity.
Interrogative: Can anyone deny its necessity?
2
Assertive: There is nothing better than a busy life.
Interrogative: Is there anything better than a busy life?
3
Assertive: I shall never forget your advice.
Interrogative: Shall I ever forget your advice?
4
Assertive: Rony never goes there.
Interrogative: Does Rony ever go there?
5
Assertive: She was telling nothing.
Interrogative: Was she telling anything?
Rule 4: Everybody / Everyone / All থাকলে
যদি বাক্যে Everybody / Everyone / All থাকে, তাহলে সাধারণত:
Who + Auxiliary Verb + not + Main Verb?
ব্যবহার করা হয়।
Examples
Everybody
1
Assertive: Everybody loves his mother.
Interrogative: Who does not love his mother?
2
Assertive: Everybody admired the teacher.
Interrogative: Who did not admire the teacher?
3
Assertive: Everybody is happy.
Interrogative: Who is not happy?
4
Assertive: Everybody can understand this rule.
Interrogative: Who cannot understand this rule?
Everyone
1
Assertive: Everyone loves peace.
Interrogative: Who does not love peace?
2
Assertive: Everyone respected the teacher.
Interrogative: Who did not respect the teacher?
3
Assertive: Everyone is happy today.
Interrogative: Who is not happy today?
All
1
Assertive: All love their country.
Interrogative: Who does not love his country?
2
Assertive: All enjoyed the picnic.
Interrogative: Who did not enjoy the picnic?
3
Assertive: All are happy.
Interrogative: Who is not happy?
Rule 5: Nobody / None / No One → Interrogative
যখন Assertive Sentence-এ Nobody / None / No one থাকে, তখন Interrogative Sentence-এ সাধারণত:
Who + Auxiliary Verb + Main Verb?
ব্যবহার করা হয়।
Examples
Nobody
1
Assertive: Nobody can solve this difficult problem.
Interrogative: Who can solve this difficult problem?
2
Assertive: Nobody trusts a dishonest man.
Interrogative: Who trusts a dishonest man?
3
Assertive: Nobody attended the meeting yesterday.
Interrogative: Who attended the meeting yesterday?
None
1
Assertive: None of the students understood the difficult chapter.
Interrogative: Who understood the difficult chapter?
2
Assertive: None of the books are useful.
Interrogative: Which books are useful?
No One
1
Assertive: No one supported the unfair judgment.
Interrogative: Who supported the unfair judgment?
2
Assertive: No one knew the real truth.
Interrogative: Who knew the real truth?
3
Assertive: No one can deny your honesty.
Interrogative: Who can deny your honesty?
গুরুত্বপূর্ণ Short Formula
Auxiliary Verb থাকলে
Affirmative → Negative Question
Negative → Positive Question
Main Verb থাকলে
Present → Do/Does
Past → Did
Everybody / Everyone / All থাকলে
Everybody + Verb
→ Who + Auxiliary + not + Verb?
Nobody / No One / None থাকলে
Nobody + Verb
→ Who + Verb?
মনে রাখার টিপস
- অর্থ পরিবর্তন করা যাবে না।
- Do/Does/Did এর পরে Verb Base Form হবে।
- Helping Verb থাকলে সেটি সামনে চলে আসবে।
- Sentence শেষে Question Mark (?) দিতে হবে।
- Everybody থাকলে সাধারণত Who + not ব্যবহার হবে।
- Nobody থাকলে Negative বাদ দিয়ে Positive Question হবে।
Practice Task
নিচের বাক্যগুলো নিজে পরিবর্তন করার চেষ্টা কর:
- Everybody trusts him.
- Everybody liked the film.
- Everybody is excited.
- Everybody can solve the problem.
- Everybody will attend the class.
উপসংহার
Assertive Sentence থেকে Interrogative Sentence-এ রূপান্তর ইংরেজি Grammar-এর অত্যন্ত গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি অধ্যায়।
Auxiliary Verb, Main Verb, Everybody, Nobody, No One, Never ইত্যাদির নিয়ম ভালোভাবে অনুশীলন করলে খুব সহজেই Sentence Transformation করা যাবে।
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